postgis-workshop/upgrades — Chinese (Simplified) @ OSGeo Weblate: pg

Zen

	English	Chinese (Simplified)	Actions
	Upgrading PostgreSQL	升级PostgreSQL
	There are two kinds of PostgreSQL upgrade scenarios:	PostgreSQL 升级场景分为两种类型：
	A "minor upgrade" when the software version increases at the "patch" level. For example, from 8.4.3 to 8.4.4, or from 9.0.1 to 9.0.3. Increases of more than one patch version are just fine. Minor upgrades fix bugs but do not add any new features or change behaviour.	当软件版本在「补丁」级别更新时，即构成「次要版本升级」。例如从 8.4.3 升级到 8.4.4，或从 9.0.1 升级到 9.0.3（支持跨多个补丁版本升级）。此类升级仅修复漏洞，不引入新功能或改变系统行为。
	A "major upgrade" when the "major" or "minor" versions increase. For example, from 8.4.5 to 9.0.0, or from 9.0.5 to 9.1.1. Major upgrades add new features and change behavior.	当「主版本」或「次版本」号增加时即构成「主版本升级」。例如从 8.4.5 升级到 9.0.0，或从 9.0.5 升级到 9.1.1。此类升级将引入新特性并可能改变系统行为。
	Minor PostgreSQL Upgrades	PostgreSQL 次要版本升级
	For "minor upgrades", no special process is necessary. Simply install the new software, and re-start the server.	"次要版本升级"，无需特殊操作流程。只需安装新版本软件并重启服务器即可。
	Major PostgreSQL Upgrades	PostgreSQL 主版本升级
	For "major upgrades" there are two ways to carry out the upgrade.	对于"主版本升级"，存在两种升级方式。
	Dump/Restore	备份/恢复
	Dumping and restoring involves converting all the data to a platform neutral format (text representations) on dump, and back to native representations on restore, so it can be time consuming and CPU intensive. However, if you are migrating to a new architecture or operating system, it's a required process. It's also a time-tested and well-understood upgrade path, so if your database is not too big, there's no reason not to stick with it.	备份与恢复操作需要将全部数据转为平台无关格式（文本表示）进行转储，并在恢复时重新转换为原生格式，因此可能耗时较长且消耗CPU资源。但若需迁移至新硬件架构或操作系统，此流程必不可少。作为经过时间验证的可靠升级方案，只要数据库规模适中，该方式始终是稳妥选择。
	Dump your data ``pg_dumpall`` from the old database.	将旧数据库中的数据通过 ``pg_dumpall`` 命令进行完整转储。
	Install the new version of PostgreSQL and the same version of PostGIS you are using in your old database. You need to match the PostGIS version so that the dump file function definitions reference an expected version of the PostGIS library.	安装新版本 PostgreSQL 及与旧数据库完全一致的 PostGIS 版本。必须保持 PostGIS 版本匹配，以确保转储文件中的函数定义能正确关联到预期版本的 PostGIS 库。
	Initialize the new data area using the ``initdb`` program from the new software.	使用新版本软件中的 ``initdb``程序初始化数据存储区。
	Start the new server on the new data area.	在新数据存储区启动新版本PostgreSQL服务。
	Restore the dump file using ``pg_restore``.	使用 ``pg_restore``命令恢复数据库转储文件。
	pg_upgrade	pg_upgrade
	The pg_upgrade_ utility allows PostgreSQL data directories to be upgraded without the requirement for a dump/restore step. The utility cannot handle changes to the data files themselves, but handles the more common and frequent changes to system tables that occur in PostgreSQL major upgrades.	pg_upgrade 工具允许直接升级PostgreSQL数据目录，无需进行数据转储/恢复操作。该工具虽无法处理数据文件本身的变更，但能应对PostgreSQL主版本升级中常见的系统表结构变化。
	The full instructions for running the upgrade process are in the pg_upgrade_ web page at the PostgreSQL site.	PostgreSQL 官网的 pg_upgrade 页面提供了完整的升级操作指南。
	The pg_upgrade_ program expects to have access to both versions of PostgreSQL it is working with, the old and the new version, so you will have to install them both.	pg_upgrade 程序要求同时访问新旧两个PostgreSQL版本，因此需预先安装这两个版本。
	Install the new version of PostgreSQL you will be using.	安装待使用的 PostgreSQL 新版本。
	Install the same version of PostGIS you are using in the old PostgreSQL into the new PostgreSQL.	在新版 PostgreSQL 中安装与旧版本完全相同的 PostGIS 版本。
	Initialize the new PostgreSQL data area with the new copy of ``initdb``.	使用新版``initdb``初始化 PostgreSQL 数据存储区。
	Ensure both the old and new PostgreSQL servers are turned off.	确保新旧 PostgreSQL 服务均处于停止状态。
	Run pg_upgrade_, making sure to use the binary from the new software installation.	执行 pg_upgrade 命令，并确保使用新版本软件安装目录中的二进制文件。
	If pg_upgrade_ generated any ``.sql`` files, run them now.	若 pg_upgrade 生成任何 ``.sql``脚本文件，请立即执行。
	Start the new server.	启动新的服务。
	Upgrading PostGIS	PostGIS 升级指南
	PostGIS deals with minor and upgrades through the ``EXTENSION`` mechanism. If you spatially-enabled your database using ``CREATE EXTENSION postgis``, you can update your database using the same functionality.	PostGIS 通过 ``EXTENSION`` 机制处理次要版本与升级。若您曾使用 ``CREATE EXTENSION postgis``命令为数据库启用空间功能，可通过相同机制进行更新。
	First, install the new software so it is available to the database.	首先安装新版 PostgreSQL 软件，确保数据库可调用新版本组件。
	Then, run the SQL to upgrade your PostGIS extension.	随后执行以下SQL命令升级PostGIS扩展。